Ageing Population And Aging Population Essay - 1555 Words

Ageing? There is an ageing population dispersed around the northern and southern hemisphere of the equator. The countries in North America have a clustered ageing population. This is the likes of Canada and the United States, and countries in Europe such as Spain, Sweden and Germany and the country of Japan have the highest median age in the world, making them the ageing populations of 35+. More examples of an ageing population would include the likes of Australia and New Zealand, which we notice are developed countries. Around the world, it is mostly developed countries that have an ageing population. Youthful? In this continent of Africa though, there is a huge cluster of a youthful population. In almost every country in Africa, such as Madagascar, Ethiopia and Zimbabwe there is a youthful population. But what we notice is that these countries are developing countries, meaning that most third world countries have a youthful population. There is another cluster of youthful population in the likes of Iran, Afghanistan and Pakistan. Life Expectancy In developed countries, such as Japan, New Zealand and Canada there is an increased longevity. This is due to better healthcare and medical technology facilities which increases the age in which the elderly live to. For example, in Japan the national life expectancy is 85 years for women and 79 for men. This is considerably higher than any other country , and by 2050 it is predicted that  ¼ of the population of Japan will beShow MoreRelatedAgeing Population And The Aging Population1691 Words   |  7 Pagestopic of the aging population and the ways in which people are trying to look and feel younger and healthier. The world is ageing rapidly. People aged 60 and older make up 12.3 per cent of the global population, and by 2050, that number will rise to almost 22 per cent according to the United Nations Population Fund (UNPF). In the United States of America, the older population defined as persons 65 years or older numbered 46.2 million in 2014.They represented 14.5% of the U.S. population, about oneRead MoreAging And The Ageing Population Essay2277 Words   |  10 Pagesby the National Institute of Ageing (NIA) in America, it has been suggested that, â€Å"no single chronical timetable of human aging exists: we all age differently and in terms of change and development, there are more differences among older people than among younger people. Genetics, lifestyle and diseases, all affect the rate of ageing between all individuals† This suggests that growth and development of younger people are more closely related to age than the ageing process of older people. (CarlsonRead MoreIntroduction Of Late Adulthood And Retirement1659 Words   |  7 Pagesdecade had seen an increase with people age sixty and above. Consequently, this aging population has significant effects on many aspect of society. Life expectancy which was of 50 years in the 19th century had tremendously increase. Indeed the factors contributing to the longevity include; public health measure to many factors such as decrease in infant mortality rate, and the eradication of certain diseases. Population ageing is a global phenomenon that can be expressed by the significant demographicRead MoreThe Sociological Aspects Of Aging1722 Words   |  7 Pagesgracefully. Ageing well is dependent on the extent to which individuals are able to remain conscious of the social, psychological, and physical challenges of the aged. The sociological aspects of aging are defined by the activities an individual engages in while transitioning to old age. To age well, a person needs to take part in social activities that deal with family or the community. For instance, joining a members club or offering to volunteer in certain activities aid in ageing well. It isRead MoreAging Population : A Social Problem944 Words   |  4 PagesAging population is now a worldwide issue for both under-developed and developed countries. This has created many implications for health care and government policies. In this essay, I will start with an introduction of what aging population is all about. The next paragraph will highlight why our aging society is seen as a social problem in relation to social, economic and political effects and ways in which the state can respond to this aging population issues. An ageing population is â€Å"definedRead MoreThe Social Issue of Ageing1031 Words   |  4 PagesIssue of ageing Social issues are controversial issues that relate to the lives of people and their interactions. Some social issues are distinguishable from economic issues while some consist of both social and economic aspects. Social issues are conditions that at least some people view as being undesirable Ageing in humans refers to various changes that include physical, psychological change. Some of the dimensions of ageing might grow and expand over time while others decline. Ageing introducesRead MoreThe New Zealand Positive Aging Strategy Essay1406 Words   |  6 PagesThe New Zealand positive aging strategy promotes the participation of older adults in communities. The government believes that the older adults have a greater opportunities to provide to the society with their valued knowledge and skills. Since the older adults need their dignity and respect in the society, it is important to the government as due to the growing rate of the older adults is increasing. (â€Å"New Zealand Positive Aging Strategy†, 2001). This report in detail will provide the theme ofRead MoreWhat Causes Aging Population Of Hong Kong And How Has It Affected Economics?1200 Words   |  5 PagesGeog 142 Population Geography Professor Goodwin-White Research Paper Louis Chu 17th May, 2015 What Causes Aging Population In Hong Kong and How Has It Affected Economics? Introduction Population ageing is a common social problem that occurs in well-developed countries. Population ageing refers the age of a region increase and a shift of a country’s population towards an older age. In this research paper, the content will mainly focus on the problem of ageing population in Hong Kong, my hometownRead MoreAging Population772 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"To a large extent, current research and development and government policies have helped to ease the aging process.† Discuss this statement in relation to your particular field of study or interest (e.g. economics, science, medicine, social policy, architecture, psychology, technological inventions). â€Å"Population ageing is both a triumph and a challenge† (Lim, 2008). With the advances in economics and medical development as well as better health systems, Singaporeans now are having longer lifeRead MoreThe Ageing Population And Developments Within Canada Is Reaching Crisis Level1398 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction The Ageing population in comparison to labor productivity and developments within Canada is reaching crisis level. Population analysts have explained that Canada needs an immediate overhaul of its migration policy to be able to contain the looming crisis caused by the ageing generations (Gazer, 2016). Currently it is estimated by 2021; approximately more than 17% of the total Canadian population will be over 65 years of age. Gazer (2016) explains that this represents an approximate 7

Developing Of Evidence Based Practice Project Free Essays

The nursing profession according to American Academy of Nurse Practitioners reveals a symbiotically natural relationship between the number of nurses to that of patients and similar relationship cited in the number of hour’s nurses’ practice. Generally the problem is one of human resource management against a background of output in this case- patients’ outcome. In other words the problem lies in the association between nurse staffing and patients’ outcome. We will write a custom essay sample on Developing Of Evidence Based Practice Project or any similar topic only for you Order Now Lower registration of nurses staffing can directly be attributed to lower rates of patients’ outcome. Outcome here refers to the patients’ reciprocation to medical attention offered by nurses.   The problem basically revolves around poor working conditions for nurses.   These problems vary from long overtime hours, an inconsiderately large number of patients to nurse ratios leading to work overloads.   The academic level of the nurses too poses direct impact on the out come of patients. The personal and professional interests identifiable in this problem include the distribution of nurse skills and experience.   A direct symbiotic relationship exists between the professional skills of nurses and the patient response to medical attention.   The more skilled the nurses the more positive or desirable the patients respond to medical attention and care. Besides the skills of the nurse, experience ranked as a high factor in determining the patient response to medical care.   The academic qualification is also a personal and professional issue that poses direct significance to the problem in question.   As said earlier, the more equipped one is academically in the nursing profession determines the outcome of patients directly.   Finally in the issue of professional and personal issues affecting the practice problem is the proportion or temporary and full-time nurse hours. A direct relationship exists between the full-time and temporal nurse hours.   This is the issue of work security.   The temporal hour nurse being without Job security has direct impact on the patient outcome.   In other words, a nurse without security of job will have a lower rate of patient outcome.   On the other hand a full-time nurse stands a better opportunity to study both his/her patients and the nature of their complications. The standard recommendations for the practice guidelines include increasing nurse staffing in hospitals.   Location of considerate number of hours to the nurses to enable them come-up with a recommendable patient outcome.   Recognize other factors that can affect the outcome of interests’ especially medical-based care.   Other guidelines include the condition of other projects.   Potential areas of study could vary from medical care patient characteristics and organization of nursing units as well as staff.   Patient levels analysis should definitely classify better control matters such as co-morbidity. Recommendable to as a guideline is the adoption of hierarchical models that could control both nursing and institutional level of effects.   The guidelines should also consider studies which practically and empirically addresses a specific nurse staffing policies.   The study should also include the consistency of the association between nurse staffing patient outcome and economic outcomes. In conclusion the problem of nurses staffing has several dimensions of approach all of which can lead to better patient outcomes.   The problem revolves around the number of hours, the length of a working day for a nurse, skill level, academic qualification and permanence of the contract.   The solution to this problem can only be found in good practices in human resource administration in medical circles.   An appropriate number of working hours and a considerable number of patients per every nurse for good patient outcomes. Reference Kane, R., Shamliyan, T., Mueller, C., Duval, S., Wilt, T. (2007).Evidence Report/Technology Assessment. Minnesota. Minnesota Evidence-based Practice Centre.                                                                      How to cite Developing Of Evidence Based Practice Project, Essay examples

Location and Level of Court Visit †Free Samples for Students

Question: Discuss About the Location and Level of Court Visit Answer: Introducation The hearing date for this case had been set on 13th April 2017 Location- The location of court is Supreme Court of the Northern Territory exercising appellate jurisdiction. Level of court visited-The level of court in which both parties have filed case is Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. Description of court process and players: This case had been forwarded to Supreme Court after imposing the sentence by the local court. Court process and players Initial Appearance- This was the defendant (Male)s first appearance in court. Arraignment- Defendant appears in court to represent whether he is plea of guilty or not. Trial- In this case, defendant (Male) pleaded not guilty. Therefore, there were several discussion and facts were presented. These facts were given to justify that assaulting a women and beating a female is not legal Sentencing- After considering all the facts and observation of these cases Judge of Supreme Court passed his jurisdiction and accepted the appeal against the judgment passed by local court. This case had been accepted on the appeal and facts presented by the female appellant in the Supreme Court (Sherman, 2015). Observations of court process and etiquette The parties in this case are appellant and respondent. Female party who have suffered with the physical assault had filed appeal in the Supreme Court by making appeal that the sentence which had been given by local court on the basis of exceptional circumstance was truly wrong. Local court had not followed proper process and passed his judgment. However, Supreme Court had accepted the appeal made by Female party on the basis of the fact that there was no exceptional case and physical harassment and assault is cognizable offence. Reflections on the experience This case is consisted with the judgment passed by Local court and how appellate could make appeal on the same jurisdiction before High Court. I have observed that the sentence given by local court to Male candidate is not justified punishment. There is clear given that respondent had bad track record and had been indulged in illegal activities since very long time. Despite of this fact, Local court has passed sentence of three months on the basis of Exceptional circumstance. Therefore, Acceptance of appeal by Supreme Court is justified (Lawrence, 2014). The key learning from this experience that you will take to your professional practice The key learning which I have gained from this case is related with the court process. I have learned how to make appeal and how appellate could make appeal in higher court. However, there are other several factors which have taught me the deep understanding on the facts presented by Female appellate to male candidates. This case study has made me to learn the court process, appeal process and on what factors Supreme Court could accept the appeal made by appellate (Howard, 2014). References Howard Jr, J.W., 2014.Courts of appeals in the federal judicial system: A study of the second, fifth, and District of Columbia circuits. Princeton University Press. Lawrence, S.E., 2014.The Poor in Court: The Legal Services Program and Supreme Court Decision Making. Princeton University Press. Sherman, B., 2015. Before the High Court.Sydney L. Rev.,37, p.135.

Latin America Essays (1285 words) - Guatemalan Revolution

Latin America Latin America After world War II until the 1980's, many Latin American leaders installed reforms to deal with new demanding issues in their country. These new reforms were frequently viewed by the United States as alarming due to the recent rise of communism in the world. Following almost a century of alliance, Americans and Russians disagreement came to the front line when in 1917 the Communists seized power, and established the Soviet Union. The Soviet Union would come to declared war on the capitalist nations of the West. The two countries put all this aside in their mutual hatred for one another, and fought against Germany during World War II. This alliance would come to an end between 1944-45, when Joseph Stalin looking to extend Soviet control used the Soviet army to control much of Eastern Europe. This cold war rivalry, would soon emerge into a contest to obtain allies. The U.S. foreign policy following World War II confronted primarily in assisting the countries in Europe. The concentration of aid to Europe was a immense concern to the countries of Latin America. Latin America countries wanted the U.S. to stress economic development in the post war era. The U.S. believed that it needed to promote postwar economic development in Latin America but was unwilling to make a specific commitment for assistance. As a region Latin America ranked low on the U.S. priority list; other area were seen as facing more immediate Soviet threats. The lack of attention by the U.S. to the pressing social. political and economic problems in Latin America would prove costly to the U.S. The cost would come in the form of new political views emerging to deal with the problems at hand. The U.S. would come to pay attention to Latin America, that it was supposed to at the beginning of the cold war, and take action to stop the spread of communism. One of the first situations faced by the U.S. was Guatemala, lead by the soldier, and president of Guatemala, Jacobo (1951-54) whose nationalistic economic and social reforms singled out groups of conservative landowners, and conservative elements in the army, and U.S. companies stationed in Guatemala. The son of a Swiss pharmacist who had emigrated to Guatemala, Arbenz was educated at the National Military Academy of Guatemala. He later joined a group of leftist army officers that overthrew the Guatemalan dictator Jorge Ubico in 1944. In March 1951 he succeeded to the presidency, supported by the army and the left-wing political parties, including the Guatemalan Communist Party. Arbenz made land reform the central project of his presidency, this led to a conflict with the largest landowner in the country, the United Fruit Company. As the land reforms increased, the U.S. Secretary of State John Foster Dulles, became increasingly alarmed, fearing the threat due to a large American banana investments. Public view of Arbenz, was that he was a friend of communists. The U.S., during the Eisenhower administration, began working in Honduras and El Salvador, helping to organize a counterrevolutionary army of exiles led by Colonel Carlos Castillo Armas. On June 18,1954 a force of 150 invaded Guatemala from Honduras, the key to the invasion was not the exile force, but the regular Guatemalan army. When Arbenz tried to arm his civilian supporters, the army blocked the move and forced Arbenz to resign on June 27 1954, and went into exile. Castillo Armas, would succeed Arbenz as president, reversed most of the reforms of the previous decade and offered generous concessions to foreign investors. During the fighting, Guatemala appealed to the UN Security council to end the fighting, but the diplomatic offensive fell victim to big power politics by the U.S., which was chairing the council in June of 1954. Another situation in which the U.S. tried to impose their will on Latin America, was the invasion of at the Bay of Pigs April 17, 1961. The invasion was financed and directed by the CIA, within six months of Castro's overthrow of Cuban dictator, Fulgencio Batista's in January 1959. Relations between the Castro government and the United States began to decline. The new Cuban government, under Fidel Castro confiscated private property, sent agents to initiate revolutions in several Latin American countries, and established diplomatic and economic ties with leading socialist powers, such as USSR In June Congress had passed legislation enabling President Dwight D. to take retaliatory steps against Cuba. The United States cut off sugar purchases from Cuba and soon afterward placed an embargo on

Blackberry in the UK Market

Blackberry in the UK Market Over the years RIM’s Blackberry brand has been a powerful contender in the IT industry. It was one of the pioneers which drove the smart phone revolution in 2007 but as per our research we found out that while Blackberry’s revenue and gross profit have been improving between the years 2007 to 2011, the rate at which they have been increasing has been deteriorating. There are many factors to consider in the stagnation of the company’s growth.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Blackberry in the UK Market specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More These can be attributed to the world economy with financial crisis at bay, aggressive competitors such as Apple, Android and Windows consuming the Blackberry market and/ or problems with regards to the saturation of the market with an abundant number of players in the industry. In terms of net marketing contributions, our findings show that year on year percentage cha nge has been decreasing. Packaging the company’s sales, marketing and administration cost over the given years of 2007 to 2011 under the â€Å"marketing cost†, column we have observed that the 2011 marketing cost is two times that of 2010 which is more or less a 50% increase while revenue for 2011 has only increased by 33%. Such occurrence may had been a result of the growing number of aggressive competitors of Blackberry namely Apple’s iPhone series, Google’s massive android franchises and Microsoft’s Windows Mobile smart phones to name a few. According to Iain Mackenzie of BBC New â€Å"For at least a decade, besuited city types spent every spare minute twirling their way through corporate emails and pecking out responses. But then the iPhone arrived, after spending a year or so turning the consumer market upside down, it went after the office inbox† (Mackenzie, 2011). When the iPhone was first released in 2007, Apple improved its iOS†™s exchange server compatibility and provided additional security which not only attracted graphic designers and artists whom are the target market of Apple as a company but also captured Blackberry’s middle-aged gentlemen from the finance departments market. Along came Google’s Android which collaborated with other brands such as HTC, Samsung, LG and other mobile phones to house its operating system. With Android’s wide budget range it captured most of the markets of the smart phone industry from the high end ones to the lower end consumers. Lastly Microsoft’s Windows Mobile phones constant innovation and marketing has won a fair share of loyal followers in the corporate scene. With these growing competitors RIM had been having difficulties addressing concerns with regards to Blackberry’s competiveness. Another theory of Blackberry’s declining sales can be attributed to the recent problems encountered by its marketing department. On Octob er 2011, the Blackberry service in its largest markets had been disrupted causing its users to have problems accessing data services.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More According to RIM the service problem was caused by a core switch failure within its infrastructure and the backup switch which was designed to carry over the functions of the system failed to perform resulting to a large backlog of data (Dipaola Miller 2010). The data crash has affected the company’s brand image and positioning which also lead its users to question RIM’s capability in providing good service and products. Last October 2011, social networking sites such as Twitter and Facebook have shown customers’ complaints, disappointments and anger towards Blackberry’s services (Dvorak Weinberg 2011). Lastly, the departure of top executives and senior managers had lead t o its shareholders’ belief that RIM’s unusual management structure hinders the company growth. Jaguar Financial which owns 8% of RIM is urging other shareholders to replace co-founders, Mie Lazaridis and Jim Balsillie from their roles as CEO and chairman of the company (Kelion 2011). The internal conflict between the shareholders and the management team has caused RIM a conflicting vision on how it will proceed in Blackberry’s future which presents as a weakness to its competitors with an unstable support system. Observing the revenue breakdown of RIM for the financial year end of March 2011, 80% of the RIM’s revenue came from sales of devices while only 16% came from services. A SWOT analysis on the company shows that the strength of RIM lies in its own capability in producing and manufacturing its own operating system (software) and mobile device (hardware). An additional bonus for Blackberry’s customers is the services it provides which is an ad vantage for its resellers’ because the latter can charge end-users monthly subscriptions. Currently there are about 50 million Blackberry Messenger (BBM) users around the globe thus the company still has its existing market at the same time third-party developers can create applications for Blackberry. Branding wise it is still the preferred choice of corporate users. Weaknesses of the Blackberry brand and smart phone are the bad press release it had conveyed through the service outrage last October 2011; the smart phones themselves are pricy and only cater to corporate users. Blackberry is perceived by many as a device for business people thus ordinary consumers may not relate to its features. It has lags behind with its apps and web browsing experience which are impressively provided by the new Apple, Android and Windows phones and its revenue sources are not diversified. Blackberry is missing out on a potential source of revenue by the absence of a strong app store.Adverti sing We will write a custom essay sample on Blackberry in the UK Market specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Analysing such strengths and weaknesses opportunities such as Blackberry’s potential in extending its software development to third party companies and its expansion in developing countries can broaden its market provided that it needs to address cost issues as the customers in the said countries are price sensitive. Threats such as competitors’ branding and pricing might consume RIM’s market share and restrictions from conservative governments (UAE, India, etc.) on security network access may limit its expansion. The poor economic climate brought about by the global financial crisis and recession together with threats of patent lawsuits may challenge its global marketing expansion. Blackberry lacks diversity in its product base compared to its previous smart phone generations. It failed to constitute innovati on in its music and app stores which gives Apple and Google a competitive advantage. The operating systems of Blackberry, which can be provided on other phones present a challenge in terms of where to place it. On one hand it would increase the number of subscriptions and potential customers for app stores but at the same time it might lead to brand dilution. Analysing the PESTEL of the matter, in the political scene issues on security network may arise especially in the countries of UAE, India and China. On the economic scene, problems of exchange rate fluctuation affect the brand’s prices deeming them too expensive for the markets of developing countries. This occurrence will slow down the growth of Blackberry in its new markets. Socially smart phones are the trend nowadays with the popularization of social media networks and demand for instant communication may boost RIM’s sales. Technology wise the impact of 4G, instant messaging and growing demand of apps can be t aken advantage of the company in riding the wave. Finally patent infringement lawsuits may post as a threat to the company especially in its venture in new markets. Overall RIM needs to innovate in order for it to be competitive in the market and win back its market shares. Apple’s iPhone has been gaining much attention with its innovation over the years. Its revenue has been increasing at a faster rate than Blackberry. (Dilger 2011). Blackberry needs to develop a strong app market to catch up with its competitor’s innovations.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Reference Dilger D., â€Å"Apple’s Rivals Battle for iOS Scraps as app Market Sales Grow to $2.2 Billion.†, 18 Feb. 2011.  https://appleinsider.com/articles/11/02/18/rim_nokia_and_googles_android_battle_for_apples_ios_scraps_as_app_market_sales_grow_to_2_2_billion.html (5 Dec. 2011). Dipaola, A. and Miller, H., â€Å"Blackberry Challenges May Spread as Governments, RIM Collide†, Bloomberg, 3 Aug. 2010.  https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2010-08-01/blackberry-expansion-at-risk-as-governments-tighten-curbs-on-mobile-e-mail (5 Dec. 2011). Dvorak P. and Weinberg, S., â€Å"Misfires in Marketing at Blackberryâ€Å", The Wall Street Journal, 25 Jun. 2011.  https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052702303339904576406062012367334 (5 Dec. 2011) Kelion L., â€Å"Black Days for Blackberry as Outage Adss to RIM’s Woes.†, BBC News Technology, 13 October 2011. https://www.bbc.com/news/business-15292302 Mackenzie, I., â€Å"Will Blackberry crumble? †, BBC News Technology, 12 Oct. 2011. PDF File.  https://www.library.uq.edu.au/ (5 Dec. 2011).

Analysis of the Introduction of Ariel and Prospero in Act I, Scene 2 of The Tempest

A Close Study of How Ariel and Prospero are Introduced in the Scene 2 of the First Act in the Tempest The introduction of Ariel in the second scene of The Tempest raises some of the central issues in William Shakespeares 17th-century play. Most notably, the themes of power, nature, and magic prove to be integral in shaping the audiences perception of Ariel, Prospero, and the island itself. Indeed, the concept of power and its use within this scene, particularly in the context of the era where the divine right of kings was unanimously accepted provides the foundation for a full understanding of the play. Shakespeares presentation of the nymph Ariel as both a powerful brave spirit and the slave of Prospero (is there more toil? Since thou dost give me pains) raises the question of whether Prospero has the right to summon and dismiss Ariel in such a dictatorial manner (Go. Hence with diligence). Ultimately, Act I, scene 2, introduces characteristics of Ariel that suggest that he has both Prosperos respect and gratitude, but also that he is irrefutably subservient to his master. The relationship between Prospero and Ariel is a curious one. Firstly, their names have interesting connotations. Prospero brings to mind the verb to prosper suggestive of magic and conjuring, while Ariel, described as an airy spirit in the character list, has a name that notifies the audience that he is of the elements and can be considered a demi-god. Despite this elevated status, Ariel is obedient to his noble master even though it is he who conducts a great deal of Prosperos magic. Although there may well be a friend-like bond of mutual respect between the two characters, it soon becomes clear that Prospero is indeed in control of Ariel, who acts not unlike a right-hand man. The use of sir and master by Ariel to address Prospero provides evidence for Prosperos authority and power over his subject. Ariel appears to be indebted to Prospero, a fact emphasized to the audience by his exaggerated language. Shakespeares use of hyperbole to force the idea that Ariel serves Prospero is highly effective. For example, All hail, great master! and I come to answer thy best pleasure, portray Ariel almost as a sycophant to his master, desperate to appease him. This is continually reinforced throughout the scene, with Ariels responses to Prosperos questions becoming increasingly elaborate Not a hair perished; on their sustaining garments not a blemish, is Ariels answer when Prospero asks him whether all those who were entrapped in the tempest are still alive. This use of exaggerated tone and overtly descriptive vernacular intrigues the audience, as one wonders why Ariel might feel such an intense need to appease Prospero. The text answers this question by declaring that Prospero freed Ariel from the foul witch Sycorax. Prospero is eager to emphasise his control, as can be seen when he retorts to Ariels request for freedom by declaring him a malignant thing reducing him to inanimate object. He goes on to ask, dost thou forget from what torment I freed thee? When Ariel answers no, Prospero still takes the opportunity to retell just how compassionate he was to Ariel, highlighting the ways in which Sycorax imposed her age and envy to imprison Ariel within a tree painfully for a dozen years. Prospero uses sarcasm and rhetorical questions o was she so? to ensure that Ariel resists reiterating how he has done thee worthy service, told thee no lies, made thee no mistakes and served without grudge or grumblings. Shakespeare deploys imagery successfully in order to suggest Prosperos dominance over Ariel. Prospero, who initially treats Ariel in a manner that reflects admiration, soon begins employing threatening imagery in an effort to convince Ariel that he must serve his duty or face severe punishment. Prospero threatens, if thou more murmurst, I will rend an oak, and peg thee in his knotty trails, till thou hast howled away twelve winters. The use of metaphor when stating thy groans did make wolves howl, and penetrate the breast of bear in reference to Sycoraxs imprisonment of Ariel accentuates the idea that Prospero has acted as Ariels liberator. In Act I, scene 2, Prospero suggests that Ariel is very much indebted to his master. While it is clear to the audience that Prospero has been hypocritical toward Ariel by enslaving him in much the same vein as Sycorax did (although she simply imprisoned him), Ariel is forced to continue serving Prospero. After Prosperos threatening warning, Ariel reverts to his original subservience: Thats my noble master. What shall I do? Say what. What shall I do? However, Prospero does not treat Ariel as one who is among the lowest in the Jacobin social order like Caliban but predominantly as a respected servant, ensuring that he retains control but also eager to praise his quaint Ariel. The tone of Prospero is one of delight and pleasure at Ariels magic why, thats my spirit. Instead of overtly ordering Ariel to do his bidding, Prospero simply suggests that it is his duty to do as he says Ariel, thy charge exactly is performed. But theres more work. Ariel, meanwhile, generally responds with o bedience. Ariel is not the moody character that Prospero describes him as when he tentatively asks for his liberty, but is rather charmingly energetic and enthusiastic. When describing his actions, he uses expressive adjectives such as flamed amazement and Joves lightnings an insight into the potential power of Ariel. His references to Neptune and Jove, both ancient Greek gods, forms a direct comparison between his work and that of a god an idea that instantly prompts the audience to recognise that Prospero cannot govern Ariel exclusively as a servant. There is an aspect to Ariel that separates him from the earthly world of humans. Although he may well be subject to the magician, his own conjuring is more natural and of a higher order than that the powers learned from books. Ariel is associated with the power of the elements; images such as flame, thunder-claps, spirits and nymph o the sea all enhance the idea that his is a pure figure, a child of nature. While Prospero ultimately presides over Ariel, the audience is made aware that the relationship between the two cannot be defined so simply as master/slave. Prospero requires Ariels magic, while Ariel needs him to earn his liberty. Shakespeare presents the concept of mutual dependence in this scene so that as the play unravels and all achieve their aims, the conclusion is not alien to the audience, but rather relates to the beginning of the play. Ariel is presented more favourably than his master Prospero in Act I, scene 2. Although one expects Prospero to be a positive influence on the island due to the fact that he has been usurped from power himself, and assumed the role of leader of the island due to his noble status, one must consider Prosperos disruption of the natural order. While Prospero has seemingly convinced himself that he has the right to rule over Ariel, which in turn raises the question of whether Prospero can be considered a good character or not, he has dominated over the natural world in Arial and the rightful heir of the island in Caliban. In Act I, scene 2, Shakespeare introduces Ariel as both powerful and subservient, committed to the cause of his master, Prospero. Their relationship is one of mutual dependence, but is ultimately governed by Prospero, who consistently exerts his authority over Ariel. Ariels introduction is important in that he is symbolic of the beauty of the island. It is clear that Ariel, possibly like the island, wishes to be rid of the meddling Prospero, but he realises that he is under must obey his master: Pardon, master, I will be correspondent to your command, and do my spiriting gently. Ariels obedience to Prospero signifies the latters continual misuse of power; he utilizes Ariels magic to cause disturbances, but is unwilling to grant Ariel his rightful liberty. Ariels appearance as one who is both natural and powerful, but under the dictatorship of Prospero, implies that he is being ruled over unjustly. Indeed, Shakespeare forges their relationship either to provoke the suggestion that Pr osperos right as ruler is not indisputable, but open to debate, or in support for the continuation of the royal inheritance of kings.

An human rights be universal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

An human rights be universal - Essay Example And on the other, we have poor countries like India and Bangladesh where people do not even have enough to consume. How can these two different types of societies develop similar definitions of human rights or implement similar human right laws Human rights for someone in India may be having enough to eat and a place to keep oneself warm, while it has an entirely different meaning for someone in the United States. But human rights can and should be universal in nature as we shall discover from our discussion in this paper. All human rights are universal, indivisible and interdependent and interrelated. The international community must treat human rights globally in a fair and equal manner, on the same footing, and with the same emphasis. While the significance of national and regional particularities and various historical, cultural and religious backgrounds must be borne in mind, it is the duty of States, regardless of their political, economic and cultural systems, to promote and protect all human rights and fundamental freedoms. (United Nations 1993) But West may not be trying to integrate cultures into human rights definition for the sake of stamping its superiority but the main aim was to counter human rights violation in traditionalist Asian societies. The reality of an interdependent world has only recently dawned upon us and this has brought cultures and societies closer accentuating their differences. But these differences and the resulting furor over the concept of human rights being universal should not undermine the idea that world is interdependent and more closely linked than we previously assumed. The Declaration's provision of basic civil, political, economic, social, and cultural rights for "all members of the human family" has helped the world understand that we need "a common standard of achievement for all peoples and nations."(UN, 1948) The fact that United Nations chose to develop a new definition of human rights which it believes can be universally applies show its faith in human beings' "substantial capacity for moral understanding and progress." (Nickel: p. 41) The concept of human rights is not something new and can be traced back to philosophies of antiquity but it was in the last few centuries that they began taking their present form. However the inclusion of universalism in human rights is one concept which is not even a few decades old. Many events, declarations and globalization later we can summarize fundamental tenets of human rights law as follows: Every human being has certain rights that are inherent. Such rights can be enumerated or deduced; they are not earned or acquired but inhere in all people by virtue of their humanity alone. Every human being's basic rights are indefeasible or inalienable--that is, such rights can never be annulled or denied by outside parties or even by the affected individuals themselves. Conflicts between different rights must be resolved in accordance with just and impartial laws and procedures. (Sieghart, p.8) Human rights proponents offer some fair definitions of human rights w