Ethical Guidelines for Muslims in Business by Dr. Rafik Issa Beekun Essay Sample free essay sample

Some broad rules oversee the Islamic codification of moralss with connection to both one’s everyday life and concern conduct. Moslems are required to act Islamically in their anxiety deals since Allah Himself is observer to their minutess: In whatever worry you might be. furthermore, whatever part you might be declaiming from the Quran and whatever deed you ( humankind ) might be making †We are Witnesss thereof when you are significantly hostage in that. ( Quran-10:61 ) . Here are some cardinal concern decides that Muslims ought to follow. †¢ Be Honest and Truthful.Honesty and honesty are characteristics which a Muslim man of issues ought to create and practice himself. Truth. for outline. has a self-strengthening outcome. In a Hadith detailed in Sahih Al Bukhari: The Prophet ( harmony arrive ) said. â€Å"Truthfulness prompts honesty. also, exemplary nature prompts Paradise. A grown-up male keeps on expressing reality until he turns into a genuine person. Deception ( Dusta ) prompts al fujur ( I. We will compose a custom paper test on Moral Guidelines for Muslims in Business by Dr. Rafik Issa Beekun Essay Sample or on the other hand any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page e. . malicious ( maksiat ) . detestable doing ( ditimpa masalah ) . what's more, al fujur ( abhorrent ) prompts the Hell Fire. furthermore, a grown-up male may proceed to state lies till he is composed before Allah. a prevaricator. Genuineness is especially of import for Muslim concern people. The interest to do an overall gain and the allures to increase the properties ( sifat2 ) of their product or administration during a gross incomes pitch may avoid ( menganggu/mgalih phatian ) them to exaggerate ( mpebesar2kan ) . This is the reason the Prophet stated: The merchandisers will be raised on the Day of Resurrection as scalawags ( zalim ) . but the individuals who dread Allah. are good and talk reality. †¢ Keep Your Word.In a Hadith described by Abu Hurayrah. the Prophet is accounted for to hold stated: The Prophet ( harmony arrive ) said. â€Å"If you promise me six things on your segment. I will vouch you Paradise. Talk reality when you talk. keep up a guarantee when you make it. at the point when you are trusted with something. bring through your trust. keep away from extramarital perversion. bring down your eyes. also, keep your authorities from injustice. †¢ Love Allah More Than Your Trade.We must love Allah regardless of whether we need to give everything else. Allah cautions in the Qur’an. State. â€Å"If it be that your male guardians. your boies. your siblings. your couples. or then again your related ; the riches that you have picked up ; the corporate greed wherein you dread a reduction ; or the homes ( kediaman ) in which you enchant ( menyenangkan ) †are dearer to you than Allah. or on the other hand His Messenger. or on the other hand the nisus ( bjihad ) in His motivation †so hold up until Allah achieves His Decision: and Allah. ushers non the insubordinate ( derhaka ) . ( Quran-9:24 ) . †¢ Be Humble ( merendah diri ) by they way You Conduct Your Life. Moslems must non end an existence of extravagancy ( boros/mbazir ) . also, must show cooperative attitude in any minutess among themselves. O you who accept! Gobble non up your things among yourselves in love propres ( pkara salat ) : however permit at that spot be among you traffic and exchange by basic positive attitude: nor murder ( or wreck ) yourselves: for verily ( sesungguhnya ) Allah has been to you Most Merciful. ( Quran-4:29 ) . †¢ Use Mutual Consultation in Your Affairs.In portraying the highlights of the individuals who will have higher and all the more enduring endowments from Him. Allah focuses on the significance of crowd. The individuals who notice ( engkau patuhi ) to their Godhead: and set up standard petition ; who ( conduct ) their own businesss by regular crowd. who spend out of what we present ( Merahmati/mgurniakan ) on them for nutriment ( rezeki ) . ( Quran-42:38 ) . †¢ Do Not Cover in Fraud.Businessmens ought to maintain a strategic distance from deceitfulness ( tipu muslihat ) . They should deal with others in the equivalent equitable and just mode that they themselves would wish to be dealt with. Trouble to those that bargain in extortion the individuals who when they must have by step from work powers accurate full advance. Be that as it may, when they need to give by step or weight to work powers give not exactly due. Do they non imagine that they will be demanded an explanation from? ( Quran-83: 1-4 ) . †¢ Do Not Bribe ( rasuah ) .Businessmens may some of the time be enticed to offer adjustments or baqshish so as to convey ( myakinkan ) another gathering to give them specific favors or to let them to procure away with offensive adl. Allah underscores this point in the Qur’an: Arrangement non unreasonably. what's more, you will designs. The example of unite is illegal in Islam. The Apostle ( Rasul ) of Allah ( harmony arrive ) reviled the 1 who pay-offs and the 1 who takes adjustments. †¢ Deal Justly ( sama Adil ) .The general guideline that applies over all minutess including those relating ( berkaitan/bhubung ) to concerns is that of justness or non be managed shamefully. ( Quran:2:279 ) .

Underground Economy :: essays papers

Underground Economy The writer of the article portray the unlawful CD showcase that is occurring in Ukraine. He clarifies that 95% of the CDs sent out the Ukraine are unlawful, the makers of those CDs are not simply copying low quality CDs, they are in any event, delivering their own polycarbonate plates with their own logos as a characteristic of value. The International Federation of Phonographic Industry (IFPI), which is effectively searching for privateers that fake CDs, is by all accounts frantic viewing battling robbery in Ukraine as the law are insufficient and the Ukrainians have almost no information on protected innovation. Those Ukrainians delivering unlawful duplicates of CDs are engaged with the Ukrainian and European underground economy as they are making benefit out of a criminal behavior. The creator give the case of a duplicate of Microsoft Office XP CD which cost $ 2.20 in Kiev and the first duplicate expense $ 580.00 in the USA. Those enormous contrasts in costs are reducing the benefit of organizations selling their items on CDs and they are in this manner paying less charges to the administration where they are working. The writer of the article finish up by saying that Ukrainian government doesn’t have the will to fire the unlawful duplicates of CDs as the maker utilize lobbyists that misuse the flimsy world of politics to wreck any move from the legislature to end their exercises. Moreover it is by all accounts hard to stop the duplicating of CDs as they are available before the authentic adaptations are discharged. The creator think about the fight against theft like the war on drugs, one of the likeness is most likely the shadowy sorted out wrongdoing clients that the two exercises share for all intents and purpose. I accept like the creator that it is very unthinkable for worldwide organizations to sue any of the CD forger if the Ukrainian government doesn’t take a functioning part in the expulsion of those manufacturing plants. I additionally don’t accept that it is the administration number one matter of issue, as we realize that it is a nation that has been experiencing the socialist year and just received in return, and there are numerous other significant issues that are testing the nation and its legislature. Underground Economy :: articles papers Underground Economy The writer of the article depict the illegal CD advertise that is occurring in Ukraine. He clarifies that 95% of the CDs sent out the Ukraine are unlawful, the makers of those CDs are not simply copying low quality CDs, they are in any event, delivering their own polycarbonate plates with their own logos as a characteristic of value. The International Federation of Phonographic Industry (IFPI), which is effectively searching for privateers that fake CDs, is by all accounts edgy seeing battling theft in Ukraine as the law are deficient and the Ukrainians have practically no information on protected innovation. Those Ukrainians delivering illicit duplicates of CDs are engaged with the Ukrainian and European underground economy as they are making benefit out of a criminal behavior. The creator give the case of a duplicate of Microsoft Office XP CD which cost $ 2.20 in Kiev and the first duplicate expense $ 580.00 in the USA. Those gigantic contrasts in costs are lessening the benefit of organizations selling their items on CDs and they are hence paying less expenses to the legislature where they are working. The writer of the article close by saying that Ukrainian government doesn’t have the will to fire the illicit duplicates of CDs as the maker utilize lobbyists that abuse the precarious world of politics to wreck any move from the administration to end their exercises. Besides it is by all accounts exceptionally hard to stop the forging of CDs as they are available before the genuine variants are discharged. The creator think about the fight against robbery like the war on drugs, one of the likeness is presumably the shadowy sorted out wrongdoing clients that the two exercises share for all intents and purpose. I accept like the creator that it is very unimaginable for worldwide organizations to sue any of the CD forger if the Ukrainian government doesn’t take a functioning part in the expulsion of those processing plants. I additionally don’t accept that it is the administration number one matter of issue, as we realize that it is a nation that has been experiencing the socialist year and just received in return, and there are numerous other significant issues that are testing the nation and its legislature.

How to Write a Nursing School Essay for Admission

How to Write a Nursing School Essay for Admission How to Write a Nursing School Application Essay When it comes to entering a nursing school, a good nursing school essay is your best chance to impress the admission board and convince them that you are the right candidate. It is one of the requirements of the admission packet where you have to explain why you want to be a nurse and why this particular program can help you achieve your dreams. How to write a nursing school admission essay that will make you stand out from hundreds of other applicants? Your essay should be perfect in content and include some important elements that will let the admission board understand that you are serious about entering their nursing program and that you are a good candidate. Want to know more? Keep on reading and follow our easy tips. Tips on Writing an Essay to Get into Nursing School The purpose of writing an essay for nursing school application is to prove that you are a worthy selection for this particular program. If you want to get your application considered and accepted, you should spend a lot of time planning your nursing grad school essay to make it effective and convincing. Make an outline to ensure that you include all the important items and adhere to the required length of an application essay which is usually between 500 to 1000 words. You should not go over the recommended length. Wondering what you should include into your essay for nursing school admission? Here is a short list of ideas that can help you show your personal drive and dreams. • Key reasons for selecting the specific nursing program • Important things that interest you in the nursing industry • Your long-term goals for your future career in nursing • Your education and previous qualifications that can help you become a successful nurse • The best personal accomplishments such as test scores, transcripts that make you stand out • Previous experience with patient care and medical training (internships and volunteer opportunities) • Academic interests relevant to your application • Character traits that show that you are passionate about caring for other people • Important reasons why admission officers should accept your application You should include only a short personal statement about you and the major part of your nursing graduate school essay should be devoted to information about your vital experiences that have shaped you as a person. Whether your application is accepted or rejected depends on a few words that you are allowed to tell your personal story so do your best to write a successful personal essay for nursing school: • Choose a strong topic for your application essay The application officers have only several minutes to read your essay so it’s very important that your essay will be remembered after that. Focus on your topic and provide strong convincing arguments and details within the paragraphs. • Choose the information for your admission essay wisely Make sure that it paints a vivid picture of your past experiences and future accomplishments to impress the admission officers. • Provide a glimpse of your life Don’t include details that can make the admission officer bored but write about the most important things that really make you unique. • Intrigue the reader in the first few lines of your essay for nursing school admission Start your essay with attention grabbing statement to engage your readers with the first lines and make they enjoy reading further. • Make sure that your admission essay has a proper structure and is error-free Every essay should include a good introduction, a convincing body, and a strong conclusion. All parts of your admission essay should be easy to read and understand. If you end your essay with a memorable statement in the conclusion, your readers will not forget your essay. When you finish writing, revise your essay and rewrite it several times to perfect your work. Make sure that there are no spelling, grammar or punctuation mistakes. Keep in mind that your essay plays a very important role in the nursing school application process. It can really make or break the chance of your getting into a nursing school of your dream. Use your chance to prove that you are not just the best match for the program because you meet the requirements, but demonstrate how motivated and enthusiastic you are to enter this nursing program. Having an impressive application essay for nursing school can help you get into the school of your dream and be on the way to a great new career. If you don’t think that you are a strong writer and are not confident that your essay will be a success, you can hire a professional writer on our custom paper writing service. If you provide him with necessary personal details, he will write a standout admission essay that is sure to help make your dreams come true.

The Deployment Of Military Personnel - 964 Words

At the end of 2013, there was over 1.4 million active duty U.S. military personnel, of which approximately half have a spouse and/or children (Department of Defense, 2014). Once deployment orders are received, these servicemen and women must say goodbye to their loved ones for up to fifteen months. During this time of separation, these families will go through dramatic changes in an effort to make up for the absence of a spouse and/or parent. The deployment of military personnel adversely affects their families by causing negative emotional and/or behavioral changes, by continuously altering the framework of the family dynamic, and by increasing the risk factors for divorce upon their post-deployment reintegration. Deployment of a parent and/or spouse can cause a myriad of behavioral and/or emotional changes in the family members at home. The stress of deployment on the spouse at home can cause mental health issues that have a negative impact on their relationship with their child( ren) and their parenting practices (Swenson Wolff, 2011). Subsequently, a spouse left to parent and carry on alone for months on end may begin to feel the weight of their compounded responsibilities. This heaviness, added to the fear for their spouse’s safety and the heartache of loneliness, can be felt in such a deep way that depression, insomnia, and anxiety lead them to needing medication and/or therapy. In the Journal of Developmental Behavioral Pediatrics, Flake, Davis,Show MoreRelatedThe Deployment Of Military Personnel847 Words   |  4 Pagesof the U.S. military gets deployed? At the end of 2013, there were over 1.4 million active duty U.S. military personnel, of which approximately half have a spouse and/or children. Once deployment orders are received these servicemen and women must say goodbye to their loved ones for up to fifteen months. During this time of separation, the families will go through dramatic changes in an effort to make up for the absence of a spouse and/or parent. The deployment of military personnel adversely affectsRead MoreThe Deployment Of Military Personnel Essay884 Words   |  4 Pages As of April 12, 2015, excluding the U.S. Coast Guard, there are nearly 1.2 million active duty U.S. military personnel (Demographics of Active Duty U.S. Military, 2015). Approximately half of these men and women have a spouse and/or children that they must say goodbye to once they are deployed and deployment can last four to fifteen months. The deployment of military personnel adversely affects their families by causing negative emotional and/or behavioral changes, continuously altering theRead MoreEssay On Post Service1011 Words   |  5 PagesChange in Cognitive Processes of Soldiers Post-Service in the Military It is estimated between 20% and 30% of soldiers report psychological symptoms after returning home from combat three to six months post-service (Dohrenwend, Turner, Turse, Adams, Koenen, Marshall, 2006). Following the Iraqi and Afghanistan conflicts, there has been a raise in question of the mental health statuses of service men and women post-deployment (Hoge, Castro, Messer, McGurk, Cotting, Koffman, 2004). Many of the mentalRead MoreA Research On Parenting Aspects Of Military Connected Families And Their Children With Preschool Children1144 Words   |  5 Pagesgenerating and systematically reviewing and analyzing original published studies on military families, their children’s behaviors, and parenting interventions. Key definitions and MeSH terms used were military personnel, parent, parenting, child-rearing, veteran, and parent-child intervention. Inclusion criteria for this review consisted the study needed to be original research addressing parenting aspects of mil itary connected families and their children with preschool children as the part or centralRead MorePreventing Ptsd And Depression And Reducing Health Care986 Words   |  4 PagesBoyd, N. D., Delaney, E. M., ... Johnston, S. L. (2016). Preventing PTSD and Depression and Reducing Health Care Costs in the Military: A Call for Building Resilience Among Service Members. Military Medicine, 181(10), 1240-1247. doi:10.7205/MILMED-D-15-005. Retrieved from EBSCO; key words: Preventing PTSD Description: This case study presents data from a Post Deployment Health Assessment (PDHA) questionnaire that completed by Soldiers after returning to the States from being deployed to OperationRead MoreThe Diagnostic And Statistical Manual Of Transition Disorder?911 Words   |  4 PagesDefence force personnel who complete their service – nominally veterans if they have been deployed overseas on at least one operation, are highly trained both upon entry into the military and throughout that career, however, they are released from service with varying degrees of preparation for entering back into civilian life. Currently, the NZDF provides a three day â€Å"Transition Seminar† that is the only active training programme for service personnel releasing from the military; moreover, thisRead MoreThe Psychological State of Peacekeeping Soldiers1351 Words   |  5 PagesRelation to Prevalence of Mental Disorders and Perceived Need for Mental Health Care that â€Å"Although military personnel are trained for combat and peacekeeping operations, accumulating evidence indicates that deployment-related exposure to traumatic events is associated with mental health problems and mental health service use.† He later did an observation involving some 8,000 active duty military personnel. Sareen used the World Mental Health version of the World Health Organization Composite InternationalRead MoreEmotional And Behavioral Disorders Among Children With A Military Parent1256 Words   |  6 Pagesher son, Stephen’s first experience with a military deployment. Stephen’s father, Sgt. 1st Class Joshua Moody, had been on a year-long deployment to Iraq when Stephen was only a toddler. Even now, after having endured four deployments, the fourth grader is still plagued with separation anxiety when his father leaves (Brooks Jones, 2016). Unfortunately, this scenario is all too common among children with a deployed military parent. Adolescents of military parents are facing adverse emotional andRead MoreThe Effects Military Deployment Has On Marital Relationships.1540 Words   |  7 PagesThe Effects Military Deployment has on Marital Relationships Meghan GaNung Indiana University of Pennsylvania Abstract This research paper provides a theoretical perspective on the effects that military deployment has on marital relationships. The background section investigates the five different military branches, what stressors are involved for those in military relationships, and a brief history of what military relationships were like in the past. In the literature review, readersRead MoreEssay On Alcohol Behavior1474 Words   |  6 Pagescorrelation between alcohol use by month and deployment into a combat area (Fink et al., 2017). The final suggestion was that factors outside of deployment as a whole are what change alcohol use. Although the findings did not strongly support the hypothesis, significant findings about post-deployment drinking behaviors were shown. According to the study, participants decreased their alcohol consumption by 7 drinks a month from 1 year to 2 years after deployment. In figures, the monthly drinking average

Intentional and Unintentional Plagiarism Essay - 1544 Words

Intentional and Unintentional Plagiarism There are many problems in the college scene these days but one of the most overlooked and difficult to detect is Plagiarism. To get an idea of what plagiarism is you first have to know the definition. Webster’s Dictionary says it’s â€Å"to steal and pass off (the words or ideas of another) as one’s own: use (another’s production) without crediting the source.†[1] Which basically means you give an exact quote of someone else’s without saying it was that other persons. A lot of people do it and don’t really know that has such harsh percussions, such as being kicked out of a course and in severe cases kicked out of school. Maybe if people where more educated about the subject it would happen†¦show more content†¦This way the innocent students don’t get burned and the real plagiarizers get punished. There is always that case where the â€Å"innocent† student does make a blunder, but there are ways to avoid these untimely mistakes. The Writing Tutorial Services of Indiana University[3] gives three main strategies for avoiding plagiarism: Quotations, Paraphrasing, and checking your paraphrasing. To get the real low down you can visit the website, but I will give you a brief overview. Quotations should be used when you are going to say the exact words in the exact context as the author. To paraphrase an excerpt you must relay the idea using your own interpretation and your own words. This concept is a little harder for shorter amounts of information, but none the less just as important. Finally, you must go over your newly typed interpretation and make sure that haven’t copied anything or gone word for word with your source. Now those are just a few things that a corporate source says can help, there are many more that you can use to help you stay away expulsio n. One that I like to use is give the source credit. That is, write/type the sources name right after you have written the information, this steers youShow MoreRelatedPlagiarism Essay957 Words   |  4 Pages Plagiarism, the practice of taking someone elses work or ideas and passing them off as ones own (â€Å"Plagiarism†). Such act is a crime and is not lightly, however what is considered plagiarism is very tricky and if you are not well informed you can easily fall victim to this crime. The most common types of plagiarism are intentional and unintentional plagiarism. Currently both of these types are punished in the same ways such as expulsion or suspension in academic groups. There has been many debateRead MoreThe Reasons for Student Plagiarism and Ways to Avoid It1150 Words   |  5 PagesPThe reasons for student plagiarism and ways to avoid it This is an essay examine that the reasons for students’ plagiarism and how can avoid it in maximum extent by education. In the first place, this essay analyzes some possible cause of the phenomenon of students’ plagiarism. In the second place, this essay investigates the influence of teaching to decrease the incidence of plagiarism. In this age of change, the human race is progressing rapidly on various fronts. Yet at the same time, manyRead MoreUnderstanding Plagiarism Essay1244 Words   |  5 Pageswhile the instructor is reviewing the final report is plagiarism. In regards to plagiarism there are six topics that I would like to cover on the topic. What is plagiarism? Why do students plagiarize? What is the difference between intentional and unintentional plagiarism? What is the importance of citing? What is citing, direct quoting, and paraphrasing? What is common knowledge? By understanding these areas in the context of plagiarism we as students can ensure t hat we will not be guiltyRead MoreWe Must Work to Stop Plagiarism Essay878 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Plagiarism has become a widespread problem in our society. Plagiarism is categorized as the using of ideas, words, concepts, or beliefs of others, without giving them credit for originating them. It seems as if everyone is looking for the quick and easy way of completing tasks by borrowing from their predecessors. Borrowing ideas or words from those who have come before us and have gained knowledge on a particular subject is what education is all about, however, when someone does borrowRead MorePlagiarism : School College Of Health Science840 Words   |  4 PagesRunning head: PLAGIARISM 1 PLAGIARISM 2 Plagiarism Robert Blakley Baptist College of Health Science Abstract The paper analyzes the existing ethical academic dilemma of applying plagiarism within diverse academic works by students in general and nursing students in particular. It presents particular examples of well-known plagiarism cases and allows properly evaluating the reasons and ways of avoiding any acts of intentional and unintentional plagiarism. It emphasizes the necessityRead MorePlagiarism in College Work Essay example656 Words   |  3 Pages Plagiarism takes various forms. A student may cheat doing something as extreme as purchasing a paper, hiring someone to write a paper or turning in a paper freely provided by a friend. Many students unknowingly commit Plagiarism by failing to properly cite their sources crediting the authors. Still others cite, but plagiarize by coping much too much and writing far, far too little of their own synthesized thoughts and ideas. Students must be careful about copying too much. If a paper is mostlyRead MoreThe Different Types of Plagiarism Essay967 Words   |  4 PagesPlagiarism is very frequently talked about in all types of settings. Plagiarism is considered a fraud or a scam in most cases. Plagiarism is most commonly heard about and mentioned in a school environment. Since plagiarism is pretty must defined as copying somebody else’s words or ideas as their own without giving credit to the proper author or writer, it makes this issue more commonly widespread than rare in all school settings. The demand of paper work and writing assignments can be overwhelmingRead MorePlagiarism And Online Education : Plagiarism1331 Words   |  6 Pages Plagiarism and Online Education Ticara Cook INF 103: Computer Literacy Joan Rhodes July 10, 2015 â€Æ' Plagiarism and Online Education Online education has been one of the largest growing concepts of learning new skills and gain knowledge throughout the digital world. Over ten years ago educational institutes were using textbooks, blackboards and paper to teach higher learning techniques. While online education is a part of the digital society it gives many people ways to balance life and accomplishRead MorePlagiarism : Ethical And Ethical Responsibilities850 Words   |  4 PagesPlagiarism refers to the purposeful or accidental use of text without properly giving credit to its author. Bucks County Community College, A Statement from the Facility states the following, â€Å"It must help them to make connections among disciplines, help them develop an integrated view of knowledge, and help them recognize that their use of knowledge always carries consequences, as well as moral and ethical responsibilities.† An elaborated look at this sentence defines the responsibility we as studentsRead MoreEssay Secondary Research808 Words   |  4 Pagestheories. 4. What are the main differences between intentional and unintentional plagiarism? Plagiarism is using another’s published works and using them as your own ideas. This can be done intentionally or unintentionally based on the level of understanding a person has of the material. When a person researches a topic and knowingly uses information or phrases without giving credit to the original author, then this is intentional plagiarism. There will come times when a person will unintentionally

In the Future Schoolteachers Will Be Replaced by Computers Free Essays

With the present wide use of computers, in the course of teaching, more and more teachers are in favour of using computers as an aid in teaching their students or in appropriating the latest information from the Internet. However, I am not a believer in the argument that computers may in the future take the place of teachers in teaching students. Firstly, the creators of any education program and software need to be teachers or workers in the education system, or programmers who had previously worked in education. We will write a custom essay sample on In the Future Schoolteachers Will Be Replaced by Computers or any similar topic only for you Order Now Therefore, although students may learn knowledge by computer, the skills and ideas ultimately emanate from the teaching staff. Secondly, while the computer may offer a correct answer or explanation to students, the comprehension capability of every student varies from student to student, making it is impossible for the computer to offer an explanation catered to a student’s particular level of understanding. However, the teacher is able to undertake this task, as he or she possesses expertise in teaching. For example, when a teacher discovers that many students cannot understand professional knowledge, he or she may offer explanatory examples. The computer, however, may only analyze a question in terms of a simple right or wrong response. Finally, the teachers are invariably responsible for carrying a dual role. Most teachers act as not only an educator, but also a kind of father or mother-figure in taking care of students in school. The teacher is able to assist parents in solving a child’s mental problems other than imparting daily knowledge. The computer, which is purely an algorithmic electronic device, cannot hope to assist in this regard. In summary, the computer may not play a major role in education in comparison to the benefits of a teacher bestows. However, it is critical that teachers improve their old teaching modes by using computers at some level of educational teaching. How to cite In the Future Schoolteachers Will Be Replaced by Computers, Papers

Japan Culture an Example by

Japan Culture Introduction. Need essay sample on "Japan Culture" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed Japanese culture is very well defined and firm, and the fervor with which the Japanese hold on to their culture is worth emulating and admiring. Japanese society has many interesting customs, and knowledge of these could bring a deeper understanding and respect for the Japanese people (Tsuda, 2006). Knowledge of Japanese culture would be most helpful to businessmen, because such knowledge could make or break a business deal. Even if one is going to Japan for leisure, it could never hurt to know the proper way of interacting with the Japanese so that one would not appear snobbish or unrefined. Body. Any person who is new to Japan may be surprised by the homogenous nature of Japan (JobMonkey, Inc., 2007). Japanese people cannot be expected to look beyond the color of the skin of a foreigner and treat him as a fellow Japanese. Indeed, it is common to see instances of racial discrimination in Japan, such as experiences of unfairness in looking for an apartment (JobMonkey, Inc., 2007). Japanese people put a premium on dressing properly based on the occasion (InternationalBusinessCenter.org, 2007). Therefore, one should be careful when dressing up and consider whether he is going for a business meeting or a social call with the Japanese. One cannot afford to be a sloppy or lousy dresser, otherwise such lapse I judgment could cause the Japanese to look down on him and make him leave a bad first impression for the Japanese. Japanese people believe in the adage that one should dress to impress (InternationalBusinessCenter.org, 2007). Thus, in a business meeting, both men and women should wear conservative suits (InternationalBusinessCenter.org, 2007). The latter could wear dresses, but they should remain conservative (InternationalBusinessCenter.org, 2007). For the former, the most acceptable attires are business suits in dark hues (InternationalBusinessCenter.org, 2007). Casual clothes are never acceptable, in business meetings in Japan. It is important to note that women should be more cautious when dressing up. First, they should never war pants in a business meeting or other business function. Japanese men find it offensive (InternationalBusinessCenter.org, 2007). Second, they must not wear high heels in order to avoid towering over men, which can also offend them (InternationalBusinessCenter.org, 2007). In instances where it is proper to wear kimonos, they should wrap them left over right, because doing otherwise then it would symbolizes death (InternationalBusinessCenter.org, 2007). Even the shoes worn in Japan should involve serious thought. Since it is their custom there to remove shoes most of the time, one should pick a pair that can be removed easily, such as slip-on shoes (InternationalBusinessCenter.org, 2007). The Japanese custom of removing shoes dictates that one remove them upon entry to many Japanese buildings, such as schools and homes (JobMonkey, Inc., 2007). The rationale for this custom is based on practicality, as removing the shoes maintains the cleanliness of the insides of the building (JobMonkey, Inc., 2007). Therefore, it is also necessary to make sure that one has nice, presentable socks, lest they bring shame on him when he is required to remove his shoes. Moreover, when one is provided with slippers, he must remove them before walking on tatami mats, and he must leave them when he leaves the house (JobMonkey, Inc., 2007). In Japanese culture, probably the most well known custom is the bowing (Synodinos, 2001). Where people from the West use handshakes when meeting or parting with another, the Japanese bow (JobMonkey, Inc., 2007). They also bow in many other social situations, such as expressing gratitude and showing deference to superiors (JobMonkey, Inc., 2007). While one is not be expected to bow because he would be arriving as a foreigner, assimilating this culture could do wonders in expressing kindness and respect for anothers culture (JobMonkey, Inc., 2007). When a Japanese greets a person by bowing, he should return it, and make sure that he bows as low as the Japanese did (InternationalBusinessCenter.org, 2007). Bowing has different kinds, based on the relationship between the people involved. How low the bow was is an indication of the relationship between the inpiduals concerned (InternationalBusinessCenter.org, 2007). Finally, one should remember to keep his palms flat next to his thighs and keep his eyes low (InternationalBusinessCenter.org, 2007). Conclusion. Venturing in business or simply visiting another country is never an easy task. It is important to know vital information that would ensure the ventures or the vacations success. The Japanese have very distinct customs, and a visitor or tourist must always adjust and adapt to such different customs, if only to show respect for such culture. References InternationalBusinessCenter.org. (2007). Japan. Retrieved October 30, 2007, from http://www.cyborlink.com/besite/japan.htm JobMonkey, Inc. (2007). Common Customs of Japan. Retrieved October 30, 2007, from http://www.jobmonkey.com/teaching/asia/html/customs_in_japan.html Synodinos, (2001). Understanding Japanese consumers: Some important underlying factors. Japanese Psychological Research 43(4), 235-248. Tsuda, E. (2006). Japanese culture and the philosophy of self-advocacy: the importance of interdependence in community living. British Journal of Learning Disabilities 34(3), 151-156. Venture Japan. (2006). Japanese Business Culture. Retrieved October 30, 2007, from http://www.venturejapan.com/japanese-business-culture.htm

Cretaceous-Tertiary Mass Extinction

Cretaceous-Tertiary Mass Extinction Scientists across several disciplines, including geology, biology, and evolutionary biology, have determined that there have been five major mass extinction events throughout the history of life on Earth. For an event to be considered a major mass extinction, more than half of all known life forms in that time period must have been wiped out. Cretaceous-Tertiary Mass Extinction Probably the best-known mass extinction event took out all the dinosaurs on Earth. This was the fifth mass extinction event, called the Cretaceous-Tertiary Mass Extinction, or K-T Extinction for short. Although the Permian Mass Extinction, also known as the Great Dying, was much larger in the number of species that went extinct, the K-T Extinction is the one most people remember because of public fascination with dinosaurs. The K-T Extinction divides the Cretaceous Period, which ended the Mesozoic Era, and the Tertiary Period at the start of the Cenozoic Era, which we currently live in. The K-T Extinction happened around 65 million years ago, taking out an estimated 75% of all living species on Earth at the time. Many people know that land dinosaurs were casualties of this major mass extinction event, but numerous other species of birds, mammals, fish, mollusks, pterosaurs, and plesiosaurs, among other groups of animals, also went extinct. Asteroid Impacts The main cause of the K-T Extinction is well documented: an unusually high number of extremely large asteroid impacts. Evidence can be seen in various parts of the world in layers of rock that can be dated to this time period. These rock layers have unusually high levels of iridium, an element not found in large amounts in the Earths crust but is very common in space debris such as asteroids, comets, and meteors. This universal layer of rock has come to be known as the K-T boundary. By the Cretaceous Period, the continents had drifted apart from when they were one supercontinent called Pangaea in the early Mesozoic Era. The fact that the K-T boundary can be found on different continents indicates the K-T Mass Extinction was global and happened quickly. Impact Winter The impacts werent directly responsible for the extinction of three-quarters of the Earths species, but their residual effects were devastating. Perhaps the biggest issue caused by the asteroids hitting Earth is termed impact winter. The extreme size of the space debris vaulted ash, dust, and other matter into the atmosphere, essentially blocking out the Sun for long periods of time. Plants, no longer able to undergo photosynthesis, began to die off, leaving animals with no food, so they starved to death. Its also thought that oxygen levels declined due to the lack of photosynthesis. The disappearance of food and oxygen affected the largest animals, including land dinosaurs, the most. Smaller animals could store food and needed less oxygen; they survived and thrived once the danger passed. Other major catastrophes caused by the impacts included tsunamis, earthquakes, and possibly increased volcanic activity, yielding the devastating results of the Cretaceous-Tertiary Mass Extinction event. Silver Lining?   As horrific as they must have been, mass extinction events were not all bad news for those that survived. The extinction of the large, dominant land dinosaurs allowed smaller animals to survive and thrive. New species emerged and took on new niches, driving the evolution of life on Earth and shaping the future of natural selection on various populations. The end of the dinosaurs particularly benefited mammals, whose ascendance led to the rise of humans and other species on Earth today. Some scientists believe that in the early 21st century, we are in the middle of the sixth major mass extinction event. Because these events often span millions of years, its possible that the climate changes and Earth changes- physical changes to the planet- that we are experiencing will trigger the extinction of several species and in the future will be seen as a mass extinction event. Sources K-T Extinction: Mass Extinction. Encyclopaedia Britannica.Cretaceous-Tertiary Extinction Event. ScienceDaily.com.Why Did the Dinosaurs Go Extinct? National Geographic.

Learn to Conjugate the French Verb Tuer (to Kill)

Learn to Conjugate the French Verb Tuer (to Kill) When you want to say killing or killed in French, youll use the verb  tuer. To get it into the present or past tense, however, you will also need to know its conjugations. A quick lesson will introduce you to the essential forms of  tuer  that youll need. The Basic Conjugations of  Tuer As with all French verb conjugations, you will have quite a few words to memorize for tuer. It is a regular -er verb, though, so if youve studied similar words, you can apply the same endings here. The key to any conjugation is to begin with the verb stem (or radical). For  tuer, this is  tu-. From there, simply match the subject pronoun with the tense thats appropriate for your sentence. As an example,  je tue  means I am killing and  nous tuerons  means we will kill. Present Future Imperfect je tue tuerai tuais tu tues tueras tuais il tue tuera tuait nous tuons tuerons tuions vous tuez tuerez tuiez ils tuent tueront tuaient The Present Participle of  Tuer When you add -ant  to the stem of  tuer, the  present participle  is formed. The result is  tuant, which can be an adjective or noun as well as a verb. Tuer  in the Compound Past Tense Another simple conjugation and alternative to the imperfect is the  passà © composà ©. This is a compound past tense, but its relatively easy to construct once you know the rules. To begin,  conjugate the auxiliary verb avoir  to the subjects present tense. Then attach the  past participle  tuà ©, which indicates that something has already been killed. The result is, for example,  jai tuà ©Ã‚  for I killed and  nous avons tuà ©Ã‚  for we killed. More Simple Conjugations of  Tuer When youre unsure if any killing has happened, you can use  the subjunctive  of  tuer. Yet, if the killing is dependent on certain conditions, youll use  the conditional. The passà © simple  and  the imperfect subjunctive  are both literary tenses and youll find them in formal French writing. Subjunctive Conditional Pass Simple Imperfect Subjunctive je tue tuerais tuai tuasse tu tues tuerais tuas tuasses il tue tuerait tua tut nous tuions tuerions tumes tuassions vous tuiez tueriez tutes tuassiez ils tuent tueraient turent tuassent To use  tuer  in short, direct commands or requests,  the French imperative  is used. In this case, the subject pronoun is dropped so  tu tue  becomes  tue. Imperative (tu) tue (nous) tuons (vous) tuez

China's Economic Analysis Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

China's Economic Analysis - Research Paper Example This paper illustrates that the total fertility rate of the Chinese women, which account for the average number of children a woman in her child-bearing age can expect to have during her lifetime has also gone down to a figure of 1.4, lower than that which has been recorded for the past years Since the introduction of the one-child policy, which was designed to reduce the birth rate in China, the statistics on the birth rates have gone tremendously to lower heights. This slower growth rate in China has been matched by the aging of the population. People above the age of 60 have been on the rise and represent a significant proportion of the population. The effect of this economy is that if the trend goes on, then an increasing dependency on the young working population by the elderly will be experienced. The government too would be affected in the sense that it would have to increase its pension funding and the health care systems for the elderly. Gender disparity though poses a futur e huge challenge for China. According to its 2010 census, the male population was recorded at 51.27% of its 1.34 billion population. The females, on the other hand, accounted for a 48.73% of the total population. At present, the number of boys in China is more than that of girls by a figure recorded at 9 million. As much China remains the most populated country in the world, there exist major variations in the population densities in its different regions. The northern and the western regions only have a few million people while the eastern area has close to 1.3 billion people. The majority of the citizens live in the eastern areas in the major cities and it is concentrated towards the eastern parts of the mountains and south of the northern steppe. China has had a rise in its economic growth in the reform period and this too has led to the rise in the per capita income. Over the past decades, China as a country has exhibited dramatic economic growth which has also been accompanied by a sharp increase in income inequality. Its GDP per capita increased from 311 yuan, in 1974 within the pre-reform period to 1644 yuan in 1990 and later to 12,336 yuan in 2004 as reported by the National Bureau of Statistics. During the years 2001 to 2003, the Chinese economy was reported by the World Bank to have increased by 10% in every year through the real income of the 10% poorest people decreased, by the same report, by 2.4%.

Mac vs. PC Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Mac vs. PC - Essay Example Because of the two different models of manufacture, each type of computer, Macintosh and PC, has its strengths and weaknesses. Since Apple controls every level of the manufacture of Macs, one of the positives of the platform is that there is a high level of quality control. Also, since Apple designs the hardware to run their software exclusively, the Mac operating system is very stable. Because PC manufacturers are unsure what operating system (OS) their user will purchase, they are unable to design a system solely for a single OS. The result is that, whatever OS the user chooses for their PC, it will likely not be as stable as the Mac OS. Also, since PC manufacturers source their hardware from other suppliers whom they do not control, the level of quality is not always as high as a Mac. One of the drawbacks to Apple’s level of control is that they employ many proprietary technologies. These technologies often require the user to purchase specialty products from Apple in order to perform tasks that PCs can accomplish with generic products. One example of this situation is in the way Macs and PCs connect to external displays. PCs, because they are produced by so many different manufacturers, rely upon international standards for technologies. For external displays, PCs typically use HDMI connections. Apple, however, does not follow the international standards. In order for a Mac user to connect to an external display, he must purchase a special cable available only from Apple instead of a standard HDMI cable. The result is that the Mac user must spend more money to accomplish a task because the proprietary technology is more expensive than the standard technology. Another drawback to Apple’s approach is that the level of customizability of the Mac is generally much lower than that of a PC. A Macintosh computer typically comes from the factory with nearly maximum performance. Apple provides very little

Traditional Chinese Values Or Norms Religion Essay

Traditional Chinese Values Or Norms Religion Essay Chinese traditional values influence not only the Chinese but also the world. China has been civilized for five thousands years ago. It regards to be one of the earliest counties in the world who become civilization. It has the great contribution to the world. In this long term development of China, there are numerous Chinese thought appeared. One of the most famous and longitude philosophy is Confucianism. It shapes the Chinese traditional value and also affected the Chinese deeply. The three Confucian who are Kongzi, Mengzi, and Xunzi, so called Ru, construct the mainstream of the Chinese thought. Confucianism is the principle of the Chinese morality. It is begins with Confucius, whose Chinese name was Kong Qiu and who lived from 551 to 479 B.C.E. Confucian referred to Confucianism, the mainstream consciousness in ancient China, Since the Han period of history, Confucian becomes the vast majority of Chinas official ideology. It is also the general mainstream of the Chinese ideological foundation. Confucianism in China, East Asia, and Southeast Asia and around the world has far-reaching impact. Such of this idea is founded by Confucius; Confucius was born in 551 B. C. in Changping Country of the Lu State. His name was Qiu and styled Zhongni. Confucius, the main points and comments, were compiled by revenue by his disciples of The Analects of Confucius. According to the Confucius, its ethical teachings include the following values: Jen, Li, Hsiao, Yi, Xin, Chung where Jen is the central idea, Li, Hsiao, Yi, Xin, Chung , etc. for practice purposes. Confucian values covered different aspects. There are ethics, political thought, Heaven Thought, Educational Thought. All this values become the dominant religious in the feudal society. And today some of them still affected humans thought. Here will list several of them showing the thought that taught by Confucius. Lets talk about the ethics part of Confucianism. Jen refers to the highest ideal of unifying the various ethical. It is also the highest standards of personal accomplishment. The definitions of Jen are multiple. Jen means people who are benevolent, Compassion among people. The connotations of benevolent are anti-aggression patriotism, filial piety, fraternal duty, loyalty, with respect and righteousness. Confucius emphasis on Jen and this value influence Chinese peoples morality. Historically speaking, our ancestors placed great emphasis on filial piety. According to Xue Er: The philosopher Zeng said, Let there be a careful attention to perform the funeral rites to parents, and let them be followed when long gone with the ceremonies of sacrifice then the virtue of the people will resume its proper excellence. [1] This means does not disgrace the name of the ancestors and always remember the teachings of their ancestors, carry forward the traditional virtues to the new generation. More than 2000 years ago, Zeng this remark, not only emphasis filial piety in the importance of propriety, but also tells of their ancestors to show filial piety that the right behavior. Confucius attached great importance to etiquette. According to Wei Ling Gong: The Master said, The superior man in everything considers righteousness to be essential. He performs it according to the rules of propriety. [2] Which means everything should be courtesy. Because Chinese are seriously affected by the Confucius that everything should need to be having etiquette. Li means pay tribute to the known. It is the scope of morality and permeates peoples daily life which embodies the peoples moral values, determine the criteria of peoples contacts and guide peoples actions. Li is the essence of monarch and officials, hierarchy, high and low levels of equal status level is its core. Beside, the other of the traditional Chinese value is that having new generation is the way to show filial piety. It is a very serious that if you did not have a children in the past. It will be perceived as the non filial piety .And today such of this thought still exist in the society. Last but not the least, Traditional Chinese society is still patriarchal society, Confucianism has been the central idea of living in socio-cultural, women were not only shun the political level, the six kinds of human relations also showing the position of women is the lowest next-lun. Under the thought of the Confucius, Male are dominant the society. Male is superiority, Female seldom going to school. They should fallow the males words and respect them. The rule of them are when they are before marriage, they should obey their father. After their marriage, they should obey their hundred. When they are old, they should obey their son. In the way, it can see that as a wife depend on men and always with a man as the central purpose of life. A womans only virtue can be ignore. The values listed above are only part of the Chinese traditional values. Chinese traditional cultures have enduring value. Lin YuTang says that the Chinese people in real life, [3] Confucianism played a leading role and dominate the daily life of Chinese people. However, along with the influence of the western culture, now see that the crisis of Chinese culture, Chinas traditional idea has been replaced by the concept of the West. Also the traditional moral value has been replaced by a modern market value. Materialist has achieved in a market economy then some of our values have been less important than before. The most obvious changes are Chinese people towards nature. In ancient times, little is known about human nature, whenever lightning storm, people panic, overwhelmed, and only pray for God. They know that nature could do without human beings. Humanity has entered the scientific era, they willing to transformation and conquest of nature.[4] Initially, human view god is the biggest. Confucius fears that too much equipment and personnel caused by excessive division of labor will destroy the natural. However, such of this concept is less important now. In order to break through a scarcity of resources, modern scientific technological transformation of nature also undermined the ecological. Humans create a more convenient and more prosperous life in expensive of the nature. Such of this thought is showed that Human does not respect nature as before. Nowadays, they think that human is the biggest in the world. It is due to the rapid technology development. In the perspective of the structural functionalism, It considered that society need o perform certain functions to maintain their existence. [5] Functional theorist perceived society as an organism and each part of the society should be functioned well in order to make the process of the society healthy. In this case as people no longer regard nature to be importance but the human is. They destroy nature, because to meet human needs. The population for food and daily needs are growing and upgrading. If you do not meet their needs, it will only bring out the malfunction of the society. Therefore, at the expense of human nature, the use of technology is to make the worlds smooth operation. So, the natural thought is no longer important than before. The second value, which now declining, is the status value because of the concept of equality. In the former Patriarchal society, womens status decline, resulting in male superiority. Also it formed a men outside the home, women inside the home idea. Confucianism advocates women should have the three from the four virtues However, such of this value have been declined. In the late nineteenth and early twentieth century, there were many Chinese reformers reform movement, which many put forward the concept of equality between the sexes. Position as it is to be an unprecedented increase. In the perspective of the social conflict theorists, they perceived the material is the root of the conflict. People who own the majority of the material will have the power to change the value. The development of the feminist movement in modern China can be seen initial courage to challenge traditional female or more due to father and brother or husbands encouragement and support. After a hundred years time, women in political, social participation, whether in China or other countries have significantly improved and achievement, Because of the female has own the power in these aspect so the value of Male-dominated can be changed . In social conflict theory considered that the value change because of the gender conflict and the male get lose in this conflict. The third one I would like to talk about which is the less significant of the etiquette. LI is ever-present in a traditional society. Book of Rites, recorded in the ancient family rituals. For example, children should give greetings to their parents every morning. As we stress on the titles to our parents in order to show our respect to them. Today this trend has been change. Children even called the full name of their parents. Such of this change are affected by the western culture. The foreigner will call their parents name directly. From this aspect, we can see that the Traditional etiquette is no longer important Regard of the symbolic interaction perspective, it focus on the interaction of the people. It focuses of the communication of each of the people. [6] In the view of this aspect the declining of the emphasis on etiquette is the result of the people interaction. Due to the influx of Western culture, Chinese people and the West have frequent contacts. Though the contact with them to learn Western manners. The Western people are less obsessed with etiquette. For example: Westerners like to address him by the name of their parents. As time goes by, such of this value become less emphasis due to the interaction of the western culture. In conclusion, as it can be seen from the above examples, even if some of the values remained the hearts of Chinese people. For example: We will still obey our parents, to obey the teachings of elders. However, some values are no longer re-before-like influences our decision-making. Like mentioned above, we adapt the concept of destiny has been since the development of society, from a passive to an active. As before, we adapt to nature to survive, now we change it. Also, because the Wests culture shock, we do not re-used to the pursuit of etiquette. Moreover, because the concept of equality and womens rights movement began. The male-dominated Confucian concept has been greatly lowered. Ancient Confucianism far-reaching effects of traditional Chinese culture, since the Han Dynasty exclusive emphasis on Confucianism, the Confucian is convenient developed in China. It continued to affect the Chinese people. In Kuhnians words, nature science will change when the time pass. [7] It is the normal evolution of the society. Society is always progressing. If it continues using the old ideas, it will only impede economic and social development.

Critically examine the relationship between different social groups Essay

There are significant differences between social groups and their religious beliefs and practice†¦ There is a very significant ethnic pattern in the participation of religion. The minority groups in britain are a lot more religious than the majority of the population (white christian) . For example, it is much more likely to find black christians(who make up 40% of the membership) in a pentecostal church than white christians†¦ In opposition to that, Modood found that while minorities have higher participation rates, there is a decline in importance of religion for all ethnic groups. There are clear ethnic patterns in religious participation, with minority groups having a higher level of religious participation. The UK today is a multi ethnic and multi religious society, with Muslims, Hindus and Black Christians more likely than white Christians to see religion as important and a central part of their lives. Among Christians blacks are more likely than whites to be found in Pentecostal churches, where they make up 40% of the membership. However Modood et al found that despite minority’s having higher participation rates, there’s decline in importance of religion for all ethnic groups and that fewer were observant, especially amongst the second generation. Sociologists have argued several reasons for ethnic differences in religiosity. One argument that most ethnic minorities originate from poorer countries with traditional cultures; these characteristics produce higher levels of belief and practice. Once they migrate into the UK they and their children uphold the pattern they bring from their country of origin. However it’s argued this disregards the impact of their experiences as immigrants and as minorities in a new society, and how this can give religion a new role in cultural defence and cultural transition. Bruce (2002) argues religion in such a situation offers support and a sense of cultural identity in an uncertain and hostile environment. Bird (1999) argues religion among minorities can be a foundation for community solidarity and a means of preserving ones culture and language as well as a way of coping with oppression in a racist society. For example the experience of African and Caribbean Christians, where they found white churches weren’t welcoming to them, thus they founded their own black churches which explains their high Pentecostal membership. Religion can also be a means of easing the transition into a new culture by providing support and sense of community for minority groups in their new environment. Will Herberg (1955) argues this as an explanation for high levels of religious participation among first generation immigrants to the USA. Bruce identified a similar pattern of immigration into the UK, where religion provided a focal point the Irish, Caribbean and south Asian communities. However she argues once a group has made the transition into the new culture and wider society religion loses its role and declines in importance, as was the case with Irish catholic immigrants. Ken Pyrce (1979) studied the African Caribbean community in Bristol. He found evidence of cultural defence and cultural defence being important. He argues Pentecostalism is a highly adaptive religion of the oppressed which provides migrants with values appropriate to their new world in which they find themselves in. Pentecostalism helped African Caribbean’s adapt to British society by playing a protestant ethic role by helping members succeed by encouraging self reliance and thrift. Religion played a role in giving mutual support and hope of improving their situation. However, Rastafarianism represented a different response for some African Caribbean’s, as they radically reject wider society as racist and exploitative. The general pattern concerning age and religious participation is that the older a person is, the more likely they’re to attend church or religious service. However there are two exceptions to this pattern; the under 15’s and over 65’s. The under 15’s are more likely to go to church then other groups as they’re forced to do so by their parents. The over 65’s are more likely to be sick and disabled, thus they’re unable to attend. Higher death rates also make this a smaller group, which reduces the total number available to attend. Voas and Crockett (2005) argue there are two main sorts of explanation fir age differences in religious participation. One argument is the ageing effect. This is the view that people turn to religion as they get older. For example using evidence from the Kendal project Heelas found people become more interested in spirituality as they get older. She argues as we approach death, we naturally become more concerned about spiritual matters and the afterlife, repentance of misdeeds and so on. Thus that age group is more likely to go to church. Another explanation is the generational effect. This is the view that as society becomes more secular each new generation is less religious then the one before it. Thus there are more old people than young people in church congregations today, not because they’re more attracted to religion as they get older but because they grew up in a time when religion was more popular. Voas and Crockett argue the generational effect is the more significant of the two explanations for age difference in religious participation. They argue that each new generation is only half as religious as their parents. Thus we can expect a continuing average age rise in church goers as the young become less willing to attend. The number of 15-19 year olds attending church has fallen significantly since 1979 and two-fifths of churches have no one under the age of 112 attending services. 30% of church goers are now over 65; Bruce predicts this trend will continue and soon the over 65s will become the majority. Bruce argues the only exception to this trend is Pentecostal churches which continue to attract young members. Gill (1998) argues children no longer receive religious socialisation, thus those brought up without religious beliefs are less likely to become church goers later on in life. Thus it’s likely within two generations Christian beliefs will only be held by a minority. Class differences also have patterns in the level of religious participation between the working and ruling classes. Marx argued that the working classes are more likely to be religious because of alienation, where the exploitation of capitalism leads them to look to religion as a source of consolation. Marx argues that that religion was the opium of the people; it dulls the pain of exploitation but masks the pain rather than treating the cause. Marx argued the upper classes were less religious as they had wealth and power to compensate, and he argued they used religion cynically to manipulate the working classes. However, Marx has been criticised by Althusser, who argues alienation is unscientific and based on the romantic idea of humans having a true self. This would make the concept an inadequate basis for theory of religion. However, Stark and Bainbridge have identified high religious participation among the middle and upper classes. They argue this is because of relative deprivation. Relative deprivation is where there’s a subjective sense of being deprived. Thus although the middle class are materially well off, they feel spiritually deprived, especially in today’s materialistic and consumerist world which they perceive as lacing emotional or moral warmth. Thus Wallis argues they turn to religion for sense of community. There are clear gender differences in religious belief and participation; while priesthoods of most religions are male women are likeier to participate in activities and have belief in god and the supernatural. For example in 2005 1. 8 million women in England were church goers, compared to just 1. 36 million men. Miller and Hoffman (1995) found women express greater interest in religion; they have a greater personal commitment and go to church more. They found that this was true for all religious organisations, ages and faiths. Bruce (1996) estimated there are twice as many women than men in sects. Heelas and Woodhead (2005) found in their study of Kendal 80% of holistic milieu participants were female. These gender differences can be linked to the way men and women see god; as a god of power and control or a god of love and forgiveness. Sociologists have given several arguments for gender differences in religious belief and practice. Miller and Hoffman argue women are more religious as they’re socialised to be more passive, obedient and caring. Religion values all of these characteristics, thus women are more likely than men to be attracted to religion. It’s noted that men who also have these qualities are also more likely to be religious. Miller and Hoffman also argue that women are more likely than men to be employed in part time work or be full time carers, thus they have more time to organise around religious activities. Women also look to the church as a source of gender identity. Greely argues taking care of other family member’s increases women’s religiosity as they have responsibility to their ultimate welfare as well as day to day needs. Davie (1994) argues women’s closeness to birth and death, through child bearing and caring for the sick, brings them closer to ultimate questions such as the meaning of life which religion is concerned with. This is also linked to the way women and men see god. Women are more likely to be attracted to the new age because women are more associated with nature and the healing role. Heelas and Woodhead found 80% of participants in their holistic milieu study in Kendal found were women. They argue such movements celebrate the natural and involve cults of healing; this gives women a higher status and sense of self worth. Bruce argues women’s experience of child rearing makes them less aggressive, more goal orientated, cooperative and caring. Where men wish to achieve, women wish to feel. Bruce argues this fits the expressive emphasis of the new age. The importance of being authentic rather than acting out roles, for example gender roles, in the new age also attracts women as women are more likely than men to see their ascribed roles as restrictive. Callum Brown (2001) argues the new age self religions, which emphasise subjective experience rather than external authority, attract women through their appeal for autonomy. However it can also be argued that women are attracted to fundamentalism because of the certainties of traditional gender roles women gain. Glock and Stark (1969) and Stark and Bainbridge (1985) argue people participate in religion because of the compensators for social, organismic and ethical deprivation that religion offers. Glock and Stark argue that these forms of deprivation are more common among women; this explains their higher level of sect membership. Organismic deprivation stems from physical and mental health problems; women are more likely to suffer from ill health thus they seek healing through religion. Women are more likely to be ethically deprived as they’re more likely than men to be morally conservative, thus they regard the world as in moral decline, and thus they’re attracted to sects who share this view. Women are more likely to be socially deprived as they’re more likely to be poor. This further explains why women’s membership is higher then men’s in sects, as sects tend to attract poorer groups. However, despite traditional gender differences in participation, women are now leaving the church at a faster rate than men. Brierly (2005) found a huge decline in church going for women aged 30-45, with a 16. 4% fall in Sunday church attendance between 1990 and 2005. Brierly argues this could be due to pressures of the home; family and work have become intense for women. Women in this age group are more likely to have a young family and Sunday working is particularly high for women. All this equates to having little time for church. Callum Brown argues that since the 1960s women have begun to reject traditional subordinate gender roles. Christianity was closely bound to these traditional roles, thus women’s rejection of subordination leads them to reject traditional religion at the same time.

Definition and Examples of a Transition in Composition

In English grammar, a transition is a connection (a word, phrase, clause, sentence, or entire paragraph) between two parts of a piece of writing, contributing to cohesion. Transitional devices include pronouns, repetition, and transitional expressions, all of which are illustrated below. Pronunciation: trans-ZISH-en EtymologyFrom the Latin, to go across Examples and Observations Example:  At first  a toy,  then  a mode of transportation for the rich, the automobile was designed as mans mechanical servant.  Later  it became part of the pattern of living. Here are some examples and insights from other writers: A transition should be short, direct, and almost invisible.Gary Provost, Beyond Style: Mastering the Finer Points of Writing. Writers Digest Books, 1988)A transition is anything that links one sentence—or paragraph—to another. Nearly every sentence, therefore, is transitional. (In that sentence, for example, the linking or transitional words are sentence, therefore, and transitional.) Coherent writing, I suggest, is a constant process of transitioning.(Bill Stott, Write to the Point: And Feel Better About Your Writing, 2nd ed. Columbia University Press, 1991) Repetition and Transitions   In this example, transitions are repeated in the prose: The way I write is who I am, or have become, yet this is a case in which I wish I had instead of words and their rhythms a cutting room, equipped with an Avid, a digital editing system on which I could touch a key and collapse the sequence of time, show you simultaneously all the frames of memory that come to me now, let you pick the takes, the marginally different expressions, the variant readings of the same lines. This is a case in which I need more than words to find the meaning. This is a case in which I need whatever it is I think or believe to be penetrable, if only for myself. (Joan Didion, The Year of Magical Thinking, 2006) Pronouns and Repeated Sentence Structures Grief turns out to be a place none of us know until we reach it. We anticipate (we know) that someone close to us could die, but we do not look beyond the few days or weeks that immediately follow such an imagined death. We misconstrue the nature of even those few days or weeks. We might expect if the death is sudden to feel shock. We do not expect this shock to be obliterative, dislocating to both body and mind. We might expect that we will be prostrate, inconsolable, crazy with loss. We do not expect to be literally crazy, cool customers who believe that their husband is about to return. (Joan Didion, The Year of Magical Thinking, 2006)When you find yourself having difficulty moving from one section of an article to the next, the problem might be due to the fact that you are leaving out information. Rather than trying to force an awkward transition, take another look at what you have written and ask yourself what you need to explain in order to move on to your next section.(Gary Pr ovost, 100 Ways to Improve Your Writing. Mentor, 1972) Tips on Using Transitions After you have developed your essay into something like its final shape, you will want to pay careful attention to your transitions. Moving from paragraph to paragraph, from idea to idea, you will want to use transitions that are very clear—you should leave no doubt in your readers mind how you are getting from one idea to another. Yet your transitions should not be hard and monotonous: though your essay will be so well-organized you may easily use such indications of transitions as one, two, three or first, second, and third, such words have the connotation of the scholarly or technical article and are usually to be avoided, or at least supplemented or varied, in the formal composition. Use one, two, first, second, if you wish, in certain areas of your essay, but also manage to use prepositional phrases and conjunctive adverbs and subordinate clauses and brief transitional paragraphs to achieve your momentum and continuity. Clarity and variety together are what you want. (Win ston Weathers and Otis Winchester, The New Strategy of Style. McGraw-Hill, 1978) Space Breaks as Transitions Transitions are usually not that interesting. I use space breaks instead, and a lot of them. A space break makes a clean segue whereas some segues you try to write sound convenient, contrived. The white space sets off, underscores, the writing presented, and you have to be sure it deserves to be highlighted this way. If used honestly and not as a gimmick, these spaces can signify the way the mind really works, noting moments and assembling them in such a way that a kind of logic or pattern comes forward, until the accretion of moments forms a whole experience, observation, state of being. The connective tissue of a story is often the white space, which is not empty. There’s nothing new here, but what you don’t say can be as important as what you do say. (Amy Hempel, interviewed by Paul Winner. The Paris Review, Summer 2003)

The snow fell, long and hard. Katara pushed her horse...

The snow fell, long and hard. Katara pushed her horse against the stinging wind and biting flakes in a fierce attempt to get home. The moon shone through clouds in pieces at a time. It was almost midnight before she reached the tiny village furthest from the ice palace she called home. She felt she and the horse couldnt continue much further, so they struggled the last hundred yards to the inn. Katara threw the door open forcefully, slamming the knob into the wall behind it. Katara heard a clattering and saw an Aer Kingdom slave boy collapsing to his knees before her. He was the only soul awake in the inn, cleaning the countertop. â€Å"Dont just sit there and kneel,† she hissed. Her usually kind demeanor had changed drastically due to†¦show more content†¦The boy took her wet clothes and set them aside to be washed and dried. As soon as the bath was ready, Katara removed her undergarments—after making sure the boy had gone—and settled into the washtub. She removed the beads from her hair and scrubbed every extremity until it had warmed. She accepted some of the innkeepers wifes clothing in which to sleep that night and put them on. Katara enjoyed her steaming tentacle soup and retired to the room she had been offered. Her head had hardly touched the pillow before she had fallen asleep, purely exhausted. --- Katara woke to find the snow had ceased. It was already midday. She rose from her bed, stretched, and rubbed the sleep from her eyes. She changed into her clothes, which had been washed and dried overnight, and ambled downstairs. The inns dining room was bustling with occupants eating lunch. Almost as soon as she sank into a chair, a bowl of porridge was placed in front of her. â€Å"Oh,† she said, stopping the boy, â€Å"Im sorry for the way I treated you last night. I was so exhausted; I was out of my wits.† The Aer boy nodded with a small smile. He turned around to deliver another plate to another customer. The innkeepers wife hurried to her to give her a mug of hot coffee. â€Å"Your Aer slave. Is he a mute?† Katara asked after thanking the woman for the coffee. â€Å"As far as we know. Hes never spoken a word as long as hesShow MoreRelatedOzymandias : The King Of All Kings1735 Words   |  7 PagesThere was once a Pharaoh by the name of Ozymandias. He claimed himself to be the King of all Kings, the greatest ruler that ever lived. He thought his actions and his accomplishments should be immortalized with a statue, so his civilians made him one. Was this statue made out of respect or was it ironically made based off the opinion of his civilians? The poem Ozymandias has some deep meanings too it in which one has to interpret and really think about the true meaning to it. The poem OzymandiasRead MoreThe King Case Of Rodney King1870 Words   |  8 Pagesmedia can play a role in court cases is the Rodney King case. 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